Los sírfidos (Diptera: Syrphidae) de la Reserva de la Biosfera de los valles del Leza, Jubera, Cidacos y Alhama, La Rioja, España
Keywords:
Syrphidae, Conservation, Threat Category, Pollinators, Biocontrol, Biosphere Reserve, La RiojaAbstract
The research carried out to characterize the Syrphidae community in the “Valles del Leza, Jubera, Cidacos, y Alhama” Biosphere Reserve in La Rioja, Spain is presented. The study is funded under the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan and Next Generation funds and was designed with the general objective of preparing an inventory of pollinator insect species and assessing their distribution and phenology in this Biosphere Reserve.
Prior to this publication, there were no bibliographic records on this insect group in the Autonomous Community of La Rioja. The absence of published regional literature on Syrphidae has prevented the availability of a baseline for conducting diversity assessments or detecting changes in population composition.
The Reserve is in the southeastern half of La Rioja and covers an area of 122.811 ha where 21 types of natural habitats of Community interest are represented.
Various sampling methodologies recognized in scientific literature were used, such as bowl traps and sweep transects, conducted both on foot and by vehicle. All collected specimens were sent to the CIBIO Research Institute at the University of Alicante for proper species-level identification.
A total of 870 specimens belonging to 77 species have been identified and are treated individually in their respective records. Of the recorded species, 63 (81,8% of the total) are species recorded here for the first time in La Rioja. Regarding the trophic regime of their immature stages, 41 of the studied species have predatory larvae, mainly feeding on aphids; 14 species are phytophagous, with larvae that can inhabit subterranean plant parts such as bulbs and tubers as well as aboveground tissues; and 22 species have saprophagous larvae that develop in various substrates rich in decomposing plant organic matter, 11 of which are saproxylic species associated with mature trees.
Among the studied species, some are listed with threat categories on the IUCN Red List, thereby evidencing the importance of studying this insect group as well as the advisability and urgency of their conservation.
The greatest activity, both in specimen abundance and species richness, was recorded during May, while zoning of the results allowed highlighting areas of interest, such as the surroundings of Zarzosa, for their high abundance and species richness of syrphids.
This study can be used as a baseline for future studies and serves to highlight the importance of conserving this group of insects that provide generous ecosystem services.
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